Known for its historic charm and stunning coastline, South Carolina offers a unique blend of southern hospitality and outdoor recreation.

As a STR operator in South Carolina, learn how to capitalize on tax deductions.

What’s considered a short-term rental?

A short-term rental in South Carolina refers to the temporary lodging of a residential property for a fee, typically for fewer than 29 consecutive days. This arrangements caters to individuals looking for accommodations for shorter durations and are usually advertised on online marketplaces like Airbnb and VRBO.

When should I report the rental income for my short-term rental?

The U.S. tax year begins on January 1 and concludes on December 31, with taxpayers required to report their earnings by April 15 each year. Rental income, whether from long-term leases or STRs, is taxable and must be reported accordingly.

Do I always need to report rental income?

The 14-day rule, outlined in the U.S. tax code, governs how rental income from properties used personally by the owner is taxed. If you decide to rent out your property for 14 days or less during the tax year, you’re in luck—you don’t have to report that rental income on your tax return. 

This rule is a lifesaver for anyone who does not want to commit to a year-round STR business but wants to earn an extra income during holidays. 

How do I report rental income for my short-term rentals?

When reporting earnings from your vacation rental property, you have two options: You can use either the Schedule E Form 1040 or the Form 1040-SR, tailored for seniors aged 65 and older, to report your taxable income. Here’s a step-by-step guide to reporting your profits.

Step 1: Gather the proper forms

Ensure you collect all the necessary forms for Schedule E. These documents are vital for accurately reporting your rental income and any related expenses. By having all the essential paperwork, you can simplify the process of reporting your earnings and deductions. 

Step 2: Determine if the structure of your business is active or passive

Operating a short-term rental business involves overseeing vacation rental properties and engaging in rental activities similar to property management companies. Responsibilities of property managers and short-term rental operators include:

• Cleaning and maintenance
• Communication
• Guest services
• Repairs
• Advertising

However, if you have minimal involvement with your rental property, utilize platforms like Airbnb or VRBO, and earn a passive income, this does not qualify as a business endeavor.

Step 3: Reporting rental income with a Schedule E (Form 1040)

When listing your vacation property on Airbnb, promptly provide a W-9 Form. This step is critical. Failure to do so will result in Airbnb withholding 28% of your rental income for taxes throughout the tax year as mandated by law. However, it’s worth noting that your actual tax liability on rental income may be lower than this withholding rate.

Key tax deductions for short-term rentals

Homeowners can claim various deductions, including depreciation allowances, mortgage interest rates, and relevant rental expenses. Here’s a detailed breakdown of potential deductions homeowners may qualify for: 

• Real estate mortgage
• Property taxes
• Travel expenses
• Rental costs
• Maintenance deductions
• Business and rental expenses

The Homestead Exemption grants homeowners over 65, those who are totally and permanently disabled, or those who are legally blind, a total exemption from taxes on the initial $50,000 fair market value of their legal residence.

In other words, if you fall in any of the previously mentioned categories, you don’t have to pay property taxes on the first $50,000 of your home’s value.

FAQ: Short-term rental property tax deductions in South Carolina